Roof construction



Dec. 22, 1936. J SCHULMAN I 2,065,478

ROOF CONSTRUCTION Filed NOV. 18, 1955 INVENTOR.

Joseph Sdzu/m 0127. BY M ATTORNEY.

Patented Dec. 22, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 12 Claims.

This invention relates to tile and shingle roofing and the like.

.The main object of this invention resides in the provision of a roofing having greater insulating qualities than in the conventional type of roofing the same being accomplished by incorporating therein a completely closed pocket or cell.

Another object of this invention resides in the provision as an article of manufacture of tile or shingle roofing made of waterproof material in which pockets or cells are formed by the spacing apart of contiguous or adjacent layers of the roofing material. These pockets may contain any suitable insulating material, such as, for example,

glass, cement, wood or loose sand, cork chips, etc., or the interior wall of the pocket may be suitably reinforced so that the space within the pocket may be maintained to hold non-circulating air as an insulating medium.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a practical, efficient and economical roofing in strips with pockets, arranged in a row in which the forming of same is completed at the factory ready to be laid on the job with a minimum of labor. A series of individualunits laid on the job to form the strip may be provided, but the provision of a complete strip having a plurality of pockets is the more practical and efiicient.

The above may also be accomplished by making the tile or shingle roofing of two or more flexible waterproof, weatherproof layers of material preferably non-metallic, comprising a lower section of one or more superimposed layers and an upper section of one or more superimposed layers. The upper section is formed into the desired shape and spaced from the lower section to form pockets, and suitably secured to the lower section and suitably supported at the pockets to maintain the latters shape.

When completely fabricated, the combination of the lower and upper sections results in the formation of completely closed pockets, which make a roofing material which is highly insulating, the pockets of which may contain non-circulating air 4,5 or which may be filled with any suitable insu- :50 contacts directly with the roof, is not subjected to the direct action of the rays of the sun, as

the same is protected by the pockets provided between the upper and lower sections.

Heretofore it has been customary to build imi- 555 tation tile or shingle roofing with individual units.

By this invention a plurality of these units may be combined at the factory to provide a continuous strip, a plurality of which may be laid on the roof, instead of laying individual units. Not only does the utilization of strips reduce the labor 5 on the job but also minimizes possible leakage by reason of the reduction in number of joints.

A further object of this invention is in the provision of an imitation tile or shingle roofing having pockets formed between layers thereof, which 10 pockets may contain bottles made by conventional automatic machinery as an insulating medium.

These advantageous features and further objects are accomplished by the novel and practical construction, combination and. arrangement of 15 parts hereinafter disclosed and illustrated in the accompanying drawing, constituting a part of the disclosure, and in which:

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of part of a roofing embodying and employing the invention.

Fig. 1a. is a view similar to Fig. 1, but showing a modified form.

Fig. 2 is sectional view along line 2-2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 2a is a similar View to Fig. 2, showing one unit filled with material.

Fig. 3 is a partial plan View of the form of roofing shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a partial sectional view of roofing disclosing the invention in a modified form.

Fig. 5 is a partial plan view of part of roofing 30 construction as shown in Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the form of pocket generally indicated in Fig. 4.

Figs. 7 and 8 are sectional views of modified forms of roofing material embodying the inven- 5 tion.

Referring to the drawing, let l0 represent any conventional roof which may be provided with imitation tile or shingle roofing embodying the invention. In carrying out the invention, the 40 imitation tile or shingle roofing may comprise two or more flexible non-metallic waterproof, weatherproof layers of material consisting of a bottom or lower section of one or more superimposed layers, and an upper or top section of one .or more superimposed layers. In Figs. 6, 7, and 8 this lower section is indicated by the numeral 29, and the 'upper section by the numeral 28, the both sections being united as at 40 by any suitable means. Figs. '1, 2, 2a, and 3 show the upper and lower sections as integrally formed. The upper section 28 is formed into the desired shape and spaced from the lower section to provide closed pockets or cells P, which may contain fillers as hereinafter described.

Referring particularly to Figs. 1 and 2, the strips of imitation tile or shingles A, B, C, etc., are fastened to the roof boards ID, by suitable means such as nails If, the latter being afterwards covered by suitable waterproofing material, such as tar, paint, asphalt, etc. Located within the pockets P and between the weatherproofing members I4, l are hollow elements 13, which may be made in the form of blown glass bottles preferably of the type manufactured on conventional bottle-"making machinery. The bottles shown in Fig. l have no necks, while the bottle shown in Fig. 6 has a neck 27.

Where the roof covering is made in two sep arate sections as shown in Fig. 6, the lower section 29 is cemented or otherwise secured at 40 to the upper layer 3!, which upper layer has hollow spaces forming the pockets for the members It or 25.

Fig. 1, illustrates an imitation tile or shingle roofing or covering made in strips having a plurality of pockets arranged in a row (see also Fig. 3). In assembling this roof covering on, say a slanting roof, the strip A is secured to the lowermost portion of roof l0; strip B is located alongside and above strip A in such manner that projecting flange it will overlap portion ll of preceding strip A. This procedure is followed with strip C and so on, until the entire roof is covered.

While glass or other hollow members I 3 are shown in the embodiment of Fig. 1, the members l3 may be omitted, thereby forming a lighter roof covering construction containing non-circulating air, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 7, in which case the roofing board I!) is covered by roofing material 29 to which is secured roofing material 23 formed to provide the air pockets Po, the pockets being made to conform to any desired shape or form and prevented from collapsing by reinforcing the inner walls of the pockets with any suitable material, indicated generally by the letter M.

As generally indicated by the letter S in Figs. 1a, 2a, and 9, pocket P may contain loose sand, granular cork or any other suitable temperature insulating material.

With the roofing construction including the bottle member 25 (Fig. 6), the neck portion 26 with its opening Zl may be retained. With the roofing construction shown in Fig. 4, the strips B, C, etc. are applied in a similar sequence as described with respect to Fig. 1. The overlapping flanges 39, 3! are arranged, however, so as to lie fiat instead of following the arcuate shape necessary for the construction shown in Figs. 1-3, inclusive. In this construction, the fastening means 32 passes through the straight flange 3|, only, the offset flange 30 being, by virtue of its construction, placed over the fastened portion 3! and thereby eliminating the necessity of covering up, for instance, the nail heads, if nails are used as the fastening means, with Weatherproofing material.

Fig. 8, illustrates the invention in a further modified form. In this case the roof top I0 is covered with strips of roofing material as heretofore described, the member l3 being placed within pocket P0 with corrugated board 4| utilized to separate the member l3 from pocket wall 28. This construction will protect the member [3 against possible damage during shipping or erection of the units or strips.

The units shown in Fig. 1a. have additional and lower projecting flanges, with adjacent portions of respective units recessed at R to accommodate these lower flanges when the units are assembled to form the roofing.

Although it is very desirable to fabricate at the factory complete strips each having a plurality of pockets arranged substantially in a row, separate units, each having a pocket, may be provided and laid on the job. Laying the strips, however, is the more practical and efiicient, not only from a labor-saving standpoint, but also from the standpoint of minimizing possible leakage by reducing the number of joints.

The various materials hereinabove described which may be contained in the pockets or cells P may be considered as fillers.

The roofing material contemplated for employment in this invention may be flexible, nonmetallic or any flexible or inflexible suitable roofing material now employed in the art having any or all of the required characteristics, such as, for example, weatherproof, waterproof, fireproof, etc. Where inflexible material is used with the pockets or cells, as the roofing, it is possible to eliminate boards and lay the roofing directly upon the rafters.

I desire it understood that my invention is not to be confined to the particular forms shown and described, the same being merely illustrative, and that the invention can be carried out in other ways without departing from the spirit of my invention, and therefore, I claim broadly the right to employ all equivalent instrumentalities coming within the scope of the appended claims, and by means of which objects of my invention are attained and new results accomplished, as it is obvious that the particular embodiments herein shown and described are only some of many that can be employed to attain these objects and accomplish these results.

Having thus described my invention what is claimed as new and desired to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. As an article of manufacture a roofing element comprising a strip of flexible, non-metallic material having a plurality of closed pockets arranged in a row, and hollow fillers for said pockets.

2. As an article of manufacture a roofing element comprising a strip of flexible, non-metallic material having a plurality of closed pockets arranged in a row, and fillers for said pockets, each filler comprising a glass member and corrugated board spacing said member from the material forming the pockets.

3. As an article of manufacture a roofing element comprising a strip of flexible, non-metallic material having a plurality of closed pockets arranged in a row, and fillers for said pockets, each filler comprising a glass member and cushioning means for said member.

4. A roofing element comprising flexible, nonmetallic waterproof and weatherproof material having a closed pocket and flanges, and a filler for said pocket comprising a glass member and cushioning means for said member.

5. As an article of manufacture a roofing element comprising a strip of flexible, non-metallic material having a plurality of closed pockets arranged in a row, and fillers for said pockets, each filler comprising a glass bottle and corrugated board spacing the bottle from the material forming the pocket.

6. A roofing element comprising flexible, nonmetallic waterproof and weatherproof material having a closed pocket and flanges, and a filler forsaid pocket comprising a, glass bottle and corrugated board spacing the bottle from the material forming the pocket.

7. As an article of manufacture, a roofing elementcomprising a top and a bottom section composed of flexible, non-metallic waterproof and weatherproof material, spaced apart and united together forming a closed cell, and a hollow flller for said cell.

8. As an article of manufacture, a roofing strip comprising spaced apart united top and bottom sections of flexible, non-metallic weatherproof material providing a plurality of closed cells, and hollow fillers for said cells.

9. A roofing element comprising flexible, nonmetallic Waterproof and weatherproof material having a closed pocket, and a filler for said pocket, said filler comprising a hollow member.

10. A roofing element comprising flexible, nonmetallic waterproof and weatherproof material having a closed pocket and flanges, and a filler for said pocket, said filler comprising a hollow member.

11. As an article of manufacture, a preformed roofing element comprising a strip of flexible non-metallic material, said strip having a series of transversely arranged closed hollow pockets along said roofing element.

12. A preformed roofing element comprising a strip of flexible non-metallic water-proof and weather-proof material, said strip having a series of transversely arranged closed hollow pockets along said roofing element, and having flanges thereon adapted for engagement with portions of an adjacent roofing element on a roof.

JOSEPH SCHULMAN. 

